Garlic (Allium Sativum L.) Has Many Medicinal Uses. It Is Grown By Nearly 1100 Tonnes By 2020 In India. Garlic Is Propagated Exclusively Vegetative Technique, A Process That As Low Coefficient Of Multiplication And With The Transmission Of Viral Diseases. Because Garlic Is Sterile, Crop Improvement By Cross-fertilization Is Precluded. The Propagation Rate Of Garlic In The Field Is Approximately Five To Ten Years, Therefore It Takes Many Years To Produce A Sufficient Number Of Seed Bulbs For Practical Cultivation Of New Verity. The Plant Tissue Culture Is Used For Growing Isolated Plant Cells, Tissues And Organs Under In Vitro Conditions To Regenerate And Propagate Entire Plants. It Relies On The Phenomenon Of Cell Totipotency To Produce All The Differentiated Cells Characteristic Of Organs And To Regenerate Into A Whole Plant.  There Are Several Techniques For In Vitro Plant Propagation Like The Induction Of Auxiliary And Adventitious Shoots, The Culture Of The Isolated Meristem, And Plant Regeneration By Organogenesis And/or Somatic Embryogenesis, And Also Growing In Vitro For Molecular Farming. Plant Regeneration Through Somatic Embryogenesis Has Several Advantages Over Organogenesis And Appears To Be Most Promising For Future Large-scale, Rapid Plant Propagation, Through It Is A Rare Phenomenon. The Development Of Protocols To Establish Embryonic Culture Using More Readily Available Materials Would Alleviate Many Of The Problems Associated With Zygotic Embryo Explants.

To Develop A Protocol For A Direct Somatic Embryogenic System Of Garlic Using Basal Parts Of The Clove.

The Influence Of Plant Growth Regulators, Basal Medium And Explants Type On Somatic Embryo Induction Was Examined. The Best Plant Growth Regulator Combination Was 2, 4-D And KiN. This Combination Induced Direct Somatic Embryogenesis In 60% Of Explants. Germination Of These Embryos Takes Nearly 2-3 Weeks.  The Technique Has Potential Applicability For Problems Associated With Plant Regeneration And Virus Elimination In Garlic.

Garlic Is Propagated Through Clove By Conventional Techniques.  With The Help Of Plant Tissue Culture, An Efficient Novel Method Of Direct Somatic Embryogenesis From Basal Tissue Of Garlic Clove Was Developed. This Technique Has Potential Applicability For Problems Associated With Plant Regeneration And Virus Elimination In Garlic.

S.J. Sata, S.B. Bagatharia And V.S. Thaker (2001) Induction Of Direct Somatic Embryogenesis In Garlic (Allium Sativum). Methods In Cell Sci 24:1-6 S.J. Sata, S.J. Gokani And V.S. Thaker (2002) Influence Of Gibberellic Acid On Auxin Biosynthesis And Their Effects On Coleoptile Elongation In Garlic. Acta Physiol Plant 24:393-398